The crucial role of estrogen/androgen hormones and their receptors in male infertility risk

Document Type : Review Paper

Authors

1 Faculty of Health, Institute of Biomedical Research, Santiago de Cali University, Cali, Colombia

2 Occupational Health and Safety Administration Program (Research Seedbed), Minuto de Dios University Corporation (UNIMINUTO), Huila, Colombia

3 Department of Engineering, Industrial Engineering Program, GRIAUCC Research Group, University Colombia, Huila, Colombia

Abstract

Steroid hormones, including androgen and estrogen, regulate gene transcription in several tissues, especially in reproductive systems. It has been shown that these hormones are vital for regulation of spermatozoa released from the epithelial cells of seminiferous tubes, a procedure which is characterized by endocytosis and broad regeneration of actin filaments. A subgroup of sterile men displayed decreased levels of testosterone and elevated concentrations of estrogen. Nevertheless, it is undecided how increased levels of estrogen could decrease male fertility potential. Though the molecular origin for estrogen-induced decreased male fertility levels remains vague, estrogen receptors (ERs) have an essential role in facilitating this procedure. In addition, the androgen hormone plays an important role in male reproductive system. They act through their receptors, the androgen receptor (AR). It has been reported that AR mutations could result in idiopathic male infertility. In this review, the role of estrogen and androgen hormones and their receptors in male infertility were discussed.

Graphical Abstract

The crucial role of estrogen/androgen hormones and their receptors in male infertility risk

Highlights

  • Male infertility as a universal problem could be affected by steroid hormones.
  • Androgen and estrogen as steroid hormones control gene expression in reproductive organs.
  • Variation in estrogen and progesterone receptors could alter the risk of male infertility.

Keywords

Main Subjects


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