Role of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in immunological and molecular pathways involved in Multiple Sclerosis

Document Type : Review Paper

Authors

1 Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

Abstract

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disorder of central nervous system which is correlated with deformed axons and loss of oligodendrocytes. Many pathological factors, including genetic predisposition, smoking, exposure to EBV, and lack of sunlight which leads to reduced vitamin D intake are involved in MS occurrence. 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol or vitamin D is generally referred to a group of fat-soluble steroids. Its active form, 1,25 (OH) 2D, has a wide range of effects on human body which significantly affects the genetic predisposition and immune system. The observed evidence for the caring properties of MS supports the role of vitamin D in MS. It has been shown that low levels of vitamin D, or vitamin D in serum, increase the development of MS risk. Vitamin D works through its own receptor called VDR. The mentioned receptor is a cytosolic receptor as a member of the thyroid/steroid nuclear receptors, which is expressed in the brain, peripheral blood monocytes, on immune cells, and several other tissues. The presence of VDR in both peripheral T cells and thymus cells indicates the vital role of vitamin D in the function and development of T cells. VDR also interacts with many MS-related genes. This suggests that vitamin D can amplify or inactivate an important gene that regulates proteins in immune responses, and is therefore associated with the progression of MS. In the current narrative review, we describe the vitamin D role in multiple sclerosis disorder.

Graphical Abstract

Role of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in immunological and molecular pathways involved in Multiple Sclerosis

Highlights

  • Multiple sclerosis is disorder of nervous system that is associated with oligodendrocytes destruction.
  • Some genetic and environmental factors are associated with the risk of multiple sclerosis.
  • Vitamin D could modulate the immune system and decrease the risk of multiple sclerosis.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Full Text

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Central Asian Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Innovation
Volume 1, Issue 2
March and April 2021
Pages 55-66

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