Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Innovation2783-09931220210401Supplementation of IVM culture media with GDF-9 can potentially enhance oocyte quality, fertilization and embryo development in ICSI procedure445413021910.22034/CAJMPSI.2021.02.01ENSareh AshourzadehAfzalipour Clinical Center for Infertility, Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranMohammad Ali KhaliliResearch and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IranMarjan OmidiAfzalipour Clinical Center for Infertility, Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranStefania A NottolaDepartment of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, University of Rome La Sapienza, ItalyAzita FaramarziFertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical SciencesJournal Article20210110In vitro maturation (IVM) of human oocytes is important in assisted reproductive technology (ART) laboratories. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF-9) additions into IVM medium, and co-culture of cumulus cells (CCs) on IVM outcome. 385 immature oocytes in germinal vesicle (GV) stage were divided into four groups based on the IVM culture condition; 1) GV oocytes cultured in standard IVM medium (control), 2) GV oocytes co- cultured with CCs, 3) GV oocytes treated with GDF-9, and 4) GV oocytes co- cultured with CCs and treated with GDF-9, simultaneously. The presence of meiotic spindle (MS) and zona pellucida (ZP) birefringence were assessed in IVM oocytes, followed by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Finally, fertilization rate and embryo development in two-day-old embryos were evaluated. Maturation rates of GV oocytes were similar a whole groups following 24-48 h of incubation. A significant higher rate of oocytes matured in the medium treated with CCs reached 2 pronuclear (2PN) stage compared with those matured in the standard medium, respectively (76.5% vs. 51.6%, P= 0.01). The percentage of oocytes with visible MS was higher in all treated groups, but this difference was significant between the oocytes matured in medium supplemented with GDF-9 and control group (45% vs. 26.6% respectively, P= 0.05). Co-culturing of GV oocytes with CCs and/or supplementation of IVM medium with GDF-9 are potentially involved in improvement of fertilization and embryo development. Also, MS assessment provides an early predictor of embryo development.Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Innovation2783-09931220210430Role of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in immunological and molecular pathways involved in Multiple Sclerosis556612982110.22034/CAJMPSI/2021.02.02ENMostafa KhafaeiHuman Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-5661-4544Mortaza Sadeghi HajiabadiHuman Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-3453-0010Amir AbdolmalekiDepartment of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran0000-0001-9541-8829Journal Article20210122Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disorder of central nervous system which is correlated with deformed axons and loss of oligodendrocytes. Many pathological factors, including genetic predisposition, smoking, exposure to EBV, and lack of sunlight which leads to reduced vitamin D intake are involved in MS occurrence. 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol or vitamin D is generally referred to a group of fat-soluble steroids. Its active form, 1,25 (OH) 2D, has a wide range of effects on human body which significantly affects the genetic predisposition and immune system. The observed evidence for the caring properties of MS supports the role of vitamin D in MS. It has been shown that low levels of vitamin D, or vitamin D in serum, increase the development of MS risk. Vitamin D works through its own receptor called VDR. The mentioned receptor is a cytosolic receptor as a member of the thyroid/steroid nuclear receptors, which is expressed in the brain, peripheral blood monocytes, on immune cells, and several other tissues. The presence of VDR in both peripheral T cells and thymus cells indicates the vital role of vitamin D in the function and development of T cells. VDR also interacts with many MS-related genes. This suggests that vitamin D can amplify or inactivate an important gene that regulates proteins in immune responses, and is therefore associated with the progression of MS. In the current narrative review, we describe the vitamin D role in multiple sclerosis disorder.Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Innovation2783-09931220210415Association of inflammation with female reproductive system disorders677312982210.22034/CAJMPSI.2021.02.03ENAsad Vaisi-RayganiFertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IranRezvan AsgariMedical Biology Research Center, Health Technology institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran0000-0002-1899-2533Journal Article20201231Inflammation is the body response against infection, injury and illness. It is a significant factor which can affect reproduction processes. Inflammatory state has key roles in physiological reproductive functions in women like menstruation, ovulation, implantation and pregnancy. Previous studies evaluated the association of inflammatory mechanisms with disorders such as ovulatory abnormalities, polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, premature onset of labor and infertility in women—the present review summarized association between inflammation state and some reproductive disorders in female. Based on available findings, the inflammation state can be associated with various female reproductive disorders, which finally can affect fertility potential. Thus, assessment of inflammatory mechanisms and their association with processes of reproductive in treatment strategies of female infertility can be efficient. More comprehensive studies with a large number of patients and consideration of inflammatory pathways are required to provide more definitive evidences.Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Innovation2783-09931220210425Association analysis of C677T and A1298C polymorphisms in MTHFR gene in patients with colorectal cancer susceptibility748012993810.22034/CAJMPSI.2021.02.04ENRamin LakPars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranElham KazemiFertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran0000-0003-0068-5428Pooya AavaniDepartment of Biology, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Rd. Atlanta, GA 30322 & ndash; USAFarzane AlaeiPars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranFatemeh PashizehPars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article202012315,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) plays an important role in folate metabolism. Also, this gene is associated with repair, synthesis and methylation of DNA. Polymorphisms of C677T and A1298C are two common SNP of MTHFR gene. This study was aimed to investigate the association of C677T and A1298C polymorphisms in MTHFR with colorectal cancer in the Iranian population. In this case-control study, 100 patients with colorectal cancer and 100 healthy individuals' samples as a control group were collected. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples, and MTHFR C677T and A1298C genotyping were performed via RFLP-PCR. Significant associations among genotypes 677CT (OR= 2.0910, 95% CI= 1.1728 to 3.7280, p= 0.0124) and 677TT (OR= 5.2073, 95% CI= 1.0299 to 26.3283,p= 0.0460) with risk of colorectal cancer was found. But no significant relationship was detected between A1298C polymorphism and colorectal cancer. MTHFR C677T polymorphism can increase the risk of colorectal cancer in the Iranian population.Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Innovation2783-09931220210421Triple-negative breast cancer: biology, pathology, and treatment819613001110.22034/CAJMPSI.2021.02.05ENAli MiriHuman Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran0000-0002-4109-0853Ebrahim KianiHuman Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran0000-0002-8614-8238Sajad HabibiHuman Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran0000-0003-1117-640XMostafa KhafaeiHuman Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran0000-0001-5661-4544Journal Article20210225Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast tumor which comprises 24% of newly diagnosed tumors that lacks hormone receptor expression and HER2 gene amplification. This study illustrated the pathological features of triple negative breast cancer with special reference to the landmark research that molecularly characterize this subtype of breast cancer. Additionally, this article discusses functional problems with arisen in clinical routine as a result of advent genetic expression breast cancer profiling and it's novel prognostic and predictive effects on triple-negative breast cancer pathology. Additionally, histopathological features of triple-negative neoplasms are discussed, emphasizing the critical nature of histologic detection in specific cancer subtypes with a significant effect on clinical results. Notably, emphasis is placed on the emerging clinical frontier represented by immunotherapy, with special emphasis on the implementation of immune checkpoint inhibitors in TNBC therapy and their effect on potential treatments.Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Innovation2783-09931220210412Total fertilization success and embryo formation in ART treatments: does it have any predictive value?9710313016410.22034/CAJMPSI.2021.02.06ENMarjan OmidiResearch and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IranAzita FaramarziFertility and Infertility Research Center, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IranAzam Agha RahimiResearch and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IranForough Sadat FarshchiResearch and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IranMohammad Ali KhaliliResearch and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IranJournal Article20210112This retrospective study was aimed to investigate the characteristics of cycles with 100% achievement in laboratory procedures to determine the predictors of cycles with total fertilization success (TFS) and following total embryo formation (TEF). 273 ART cycles were categorized into two groups of the case (n= 121) and control (n=152). Inclusion criteria for case group were; cycles that a total number of MII oocytes were fertilized, and a total of fertilized oocytes developed into the embryos. Demographic variables, ART cycle characteristics and clinical outcomes were assessed and compared between groups. In subcategorizing, the case group was divided into two groups; A) patients with five or fewer (≤5) MII oocytes (n=94); B) patients with more than five (>5) MII oocytes (n=27). Clinical outcomes were assessed between subgroups of A, B and control. Man-Whitney U test, independent sample test and chi-square test were applied wherever appropriate to compare between two groups. P-value less than 0.5 were considered significant. Serum levels of E2, number of COCs, MII oocytes and transferred embryos differed between the groups (P< 0.0001 and P= 0.001). There was a trend manner in increasing the rate of ICSI in case group rather than controls (76.9% vs. 67.1%, respectively; P= 0.081). Furthermore, data sub-analysis showed that the rates of good quality embryos, chemical and clinical pregnancies were higher in subgroup B rather than the other subgroup; however, the differences were not significant (P= 0.07, 0.71 and 0.07, respectively). To increase the likelihood of a successful pregnancy in ART cycles, higher good quality embryos and appropriate number of available embryos for transfer could play an important role.