Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Innovation2783-09932120220201Association of glutathione S-transferase M1 null mutation with male infertility: A pooled data from Iranian studies1814386010.22034/CAJMPSI.2022.01.01ENAmirkian BokharaeiStudent Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0002-9633-9599Maryam SheikhiCancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0002-2532-7929Melika MolkizadehMashhad Paramedical Science Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, IranNajmeh MajidiDepartment of Internal Medicine,School of Medicine,Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,Mashhad, IranJournal Article20211230Male infertility is a complex disease in which environmental factors and genetic background are known to be the main causes of pathogenesis. The imbalance in production and elimination of free radicals due to oxidative stress can alter the risk of infertility. There are a number of genes involved in the oxidative stress process, such as the glutathione S-transferase (GST) family of genes, which may play a critical role in combating oxidative stress in the male reproductive system. Any alteration in the structure and function of these genes may increase the risk of infertility. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between GSTM1 null genotype and male infertility in Iranian men using meta-analysis. In this study, valid databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, SID, and Magiran were used to find appropriate studies. After electronic search and screening of studies, four appropriate studies were included in our meta-analysis. Data analysis revealed that GSTM1 null genotype correlated with increased risk of infertility in Iranian men. No publication bias was detected. Sensitivity analysis showed that exclusion of one study did not significantly affect the pooled odds ratios. These data suggest that the null genotype of GSTM1 may be a significant molecular risk factor for male infertility in the Iranian population. However, further studies with larger samples are needed to confirm the accuracy of these results.Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Innovation2783-09932120220201Aggressive plexiform mandibular ameloblastoma arising from a dentigerous cyst: A case report91414341610.22034/CAJMPSI.2022.01.02ENMehdi ShahabinejadDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0003-0016-1341Nooshin MohtashamDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0002-1262-4668Farnaz MohajertehranDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0001-6266-4281Maryam MohammadiOral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0002-7777-0738Journal Article20211206Among odontogenic cysts, dentigerous cysts (DC) and among odontogenic tumors, ameloblastoma are the most common. Odontogenic tumors such as ameloblastoma can develop from the cyst lining of dentigerous cyst and also odontogenic keratocyst. DC is the most common form of odontogenic cyst, formed by the accumulation of fluid between the reduced enamel epithelium and the tooth crown, and is clinically associated with an unerupted tooth, most commonly an unerupted mandibular third molar, an upper canine, and a mandibular premolar.Radiographically, unilocular x-ray fluorescence with well-defined sclerotic margins surrounding the crown of an unerupted tooth is noted. Ameloblastoma is a neoplasm classified as a benign epithelial odontogenic tumor of the jaw. 70% of ameloblastomas develop in the molar-ramus region of the mandible and are occasionally associated with an unerupted third molar.Histologically, most ameloblastomas have a follicular or plexiform pattern, although basaloid, granular, or desmoplastic cellular changes may also occur. This study presents a case of aggressive plexiform mandibular ameloblastoma arising from the cyst lining of a dentigerous cyst in a 36-year-old male patient.Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Innovation2783-09932120220201Design of a new immunotoxin from a part of scorpion venom for the treatment of breast cancer152414390110.22034/CAJMPSI.2022.01.03ENSaeed PirmoradiRazi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research and Training Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran0000-0003-2969-6200Journal Article20211222Breast cancer is one of the best known cancers worldwide. It is associated with many problems due to the structural heterogeneity of the treatment process. Many patients with breast cancer (HER2) are positive. Current cancer treatment methods are not very effective in reducing mortality. However, immunotherapy is less effective in treating cancer and damages the body. Anti-cancer immunotoxins Molecules that contain an immune component that is an antibody or a binding component of an antibody, and the other part is a toxin that is a lethal compound. The anti-HER2 receptor trastuzumab is derived from a single-stranded variable fragment (scFv) that binds to part of a scorpion toxin called neurotoxin Bmk. We investigated the physicochemical properties, secondary structure, and solubility of the chimeric protein using ProtParam and GORIV, PORCalc, PepCalc, and protein-sol, respectively. The structure and solubility of the model were evaluated using PROCHECK, protein-sol, and PepCalc. ALLERTOP server was used to predict sensitivity, and mRNA stability was assessed using RNAfold. Finally, docking of immunotoxin and HER2 was performed using ClusPro server. The results showed that the chimeric protein is a protein with a stable secondary structure in solution and a three-dimensional structure, and also has a stable mRNA and can bind to HER2. The results showed a stable and soluble protein with the desired binding ability to HER2, which made it a suitable immunotoxin candidate for the treatment of breast cancer whose safety needs to be evaluated in clinical phases.Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS Press)Central Asian Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Innovation2783-09932120220201Effects of the lead, cadmium, manganese heavy metals, and magnesium oxide nanoparticles on nerve cell function in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases253614443910.22034/CAJMPSI.2022.01.04ENQassim Hassan Aubais AljelehawyDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technique, Islamic University, Diwaniya, Iraq0000-0002-3930-1906Journal Article20211229Nervous disorders affect the central nervous system and cause progressive impairment of the nervous system. These disorders are usually incurable and debilitating and are characterised by a loss of nerve cell function. The most common chronic neurological disorders are Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Damage to the nerves usually progresses with age, as seen in AD and PD. Although Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases are multifactorial, exposure to heavy metals in neurons could increase the risk of developing these diseases. Metals are essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and life. They have critical structural, catalytic, and regulatory functions in various types of proteins such as receptors, enzymes, and transporters. However, high and toxic concentrations of metals can stimulate the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via a vicious cycle by impairing mitochondrial function, leading to a reduction in ATP and eventually cell death through an apoptotic mechanism. As life expectancy increases, individuals are certainly exposed to higher metal concentrations over a long period of time, which may lead to an increase in the incidence of neurological diseases. The aim of this study was to describe the effects of heavy metals such as manganese, lead and cadmium on the progression of the neurological diseases Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease.